Autor: Thorsten Leemhuis / Copyright © 2011 Heise Media UK Ltd.
Traduzido: Marcelo Soares Souza
Originalmente: http://h-online.com/-1379085
A pilha do protocolo TCP esta agora mais rápida na adaptação da taxa de transmissão de dados sobre a capacidade disponível. Os drivers para os componentes Wi-Fi da Atheros e Broadcom estão consideravelmente mais maduros; novos drivers irão suportar novos dispositivos de Rede e Wi-Fi no Kernel Linux 3.2.
Nenhuma grande mudança foi integrada dentro do branch principal de desenvolvimento desde que o primeiro candidato de lançamento[1] do Kernel Linux 3.2 ficou disponível, fechando a janela de merge desta versão. Linus Torvalds irá provavelmente lançar em breve o segundo candidato de lançamento e a versão final é esperada para meados de Janeiro; até lá, Torvalds irá basicamente incorporar correções e pequenas melhorias como tem feito nos últimos dias.
Agora o Kernel Log esta em posição de provê uma visão geral das mais importantes mudanças do Kernel Linux 3.2. Como sempre, estas informações serão apresentadas dentro da série de artigos "Em Breve no Kernel Linux 3.2" que irá gradualmente cobrir as várias áreas funcionais do Kernel.
A Parte 1 da série esta logo abaixo e descreve as mudanças mais importantes na pilha de Rede e sobre os dispositivos de hardware relacionados. Nas próximas semanas, outros artigos irão discutir o suporte a armazenamento do kernel, sistemas de arquivos, código de arquitetura, infraestrutura e outros drivers de hadware.
Ajuste de Taxa
Os desenvolvedores do Kernel estenderam[2] a pilha do protocolo TCP do Kernel Linux 3.2 para provê suporte ao "Proportional Rate Reduction" (PRR). Introduzido pelos empregados da Google e descrito em um rascunho IETF[3], este algorítimo foi desenhado para adaptar taxas de transmissão às taxas que podem ser processadas pelos roteadores ao longo do caminho de rede; especialmente após reduzir as taxas para prevenir uma sobrecarga eminente, o algorítimo foi construído para retornar à taxa de transferência máxima mais rápido do que o método utilizado anteriormente, que é descrito na RFC 3517[4].
De acordo com a avaliação dos desenvolvedores, o algorítimo reduz rapidamente a taxa de resposta de transferência no protocolo HTTP dando um ganho entre três e dez porcentos. Os detalhes funcionais estão disponíveis no comentário do commit[5], em um artigo no LWN.net[6], em um artigo [7] e em duas apresentações no IETF ([8], [9]).
Amadurecimento do processo
Sobre a situação, às vezes um pouco confusa, envolvendo dois drivers[10] dos recentes chips Broadcom Wi-Fi, os drivers Brcmsmac e Brcmfmac Brcm80211 [11], desenvolvido pela própria Broadcom, ganharam a corrida e estão dentro do subsistema de redes[12]. Lançado a mais de um ano atrás [13], o código do driver estava[14] na área de avaliação, que é a área que não alcança os requisitos de qualidade dos desenvolvedores; Algumas distribuições omitem a área de avaliação por esta razão.
No último ano, os desenvolvedores da Broadcom corrigiram a maioria das deficiências dos drivers, orientados por desenvolvedores experientes do kernel. O driver B43 [15] que fazia parte do kernel já a algum tempo e que também suporte chips Wi-Fi antigos da Broadcom irá, por enquanto, continuar a suportar alguns componentes Wi-Fi que também são atendidos pelo driver Brcm80211, embora o kernel irá provavelmente dar preferência ao último a longo prazo. Porém, aqueles que querem usar os drivers Brcm80211 estão impossibilitado de configurar [16] o driver Bcma, que é necessário para o B43 acessar alguns componentes recentes da Broadcom.
Agora o subsistema de redes também inclui [17] o driver Wi-Fi Ath6kl[18] para componentes Atheros AR6003[19]. Este é baseado no driver de mesmo nome da área de avaliação e que foi removido ao mesmo tempo[20]. A versão melhorada e significamente menor do driver foi desenvolvida fora da [21] área de avaliação; esta muito reduzido em tamanho, e no comentário do commit[22] é relatado que este não oferece todas as funcionalidades que estavam disponíveis na área de avaliação.
As medidas de limpeza extensiva relacionadas a estes dois drivers, e a realocação dos drivers, são parcialmente responsáveis pelo grande número de [23] novas e removidas linhas de código mostradas no diffstats para o Kernel Linux 3.2. O grande diffstat também foi causado pelo driver Wi-Fi da Realtek Rtl8192e, na área de avaliação, substituído por um código revisado que tem muito mais chance de entrar no subsistema de redes, no entanto ainda precisa de atenção (exemplo 1[24], 2[25], 3[26]).
Em Breve
- Vários drivers foram melhorados assim o Kernel pode suportar: Atheros AR946/8x[27], Atheros AR9580[28] e Marvell 88W8766P[29], assim como a série Intel 2000D 2x2 BGN[30] e Centrino(R) Advanced-N 6205S AGN[31].
- Jeff Kirsher reestruturou o código fonte downstream dos drivers em drivers/net/ (exemplo 1[32], 2[33]); por exemplo, todos os drivers de dispositivos Ethernet estão agora localizados em diretórios de cada fornecedor dentro de drivers/net/ethernet/[34]. O desenvolvedor moveu muito código neste processo - outra razão para o grande número de[35] novas e removidas linhas de código calculada no kernel desde Janeiro.
- O driver para Gigabit Ethernet, dos chips da Realtek, agora suporta o componente RTL8111F [36], enquanto o driver da Ixgbe suporta o chip Intel 82599 [37]. Os desenvolvedores integraram muitas mudanças dentro do driver Bna para Brocade's 10G PCIe Ethernet, e a versão pulou para [38] 3.0.2.1[39] como resultado; algumas das mudanças[40] agora possibilitam que o drive suporte o modelo 1860.
- O código para comunicação através de CAN (Controller Area Network) agora oferece funções [41] que permitem que gateways e roteadores sejam configurados através de Netlink.
- Outra nova adição é o suporte básico[42] para IPv6 sobre "Low-power Wireless Personal Area Networks" (6LoWPAN/IEEE 802.15.4[43]).
- Introduzido recentemente[44] no Linux 3.1[45], o subsistema NFC (Near Field Communication) agora suporta[46] a interface de controle NFC Controller Interface (NCI), que habilita a comunicação entre controladores e dispositivos hospedeiros (device hosts) (DH).
- Na principal requisição do Git-Pull[47], o mantenedor do subsistema de rede David Miller destacou várias outras otimizações internas (por exemplo 1[48], 2[49]).
Outras Pequenas melhorias
Muitas pequenas melhorias nesta versão do Kernel, mas de forma alguma insignificante, as mudanças podem ser encontrados na lista abaixo. Esta lista contém os cabeçalhos dos commits referindo as respectivas mudanças.
LAN
[] Add ethtool -g support to virtio_net[51]
[ 2] af_iucv: add HiperSockets transport[52]
[ 1] be2net: add support for flashing Teranetics PHY firmware[53]
[ N1] bna: Add New HW Defs[54]
[ 1] bna: Brocade 1860 IOC PLL, Reg Defs and ASIC Mode Changes[55]
[ 9] bna: ENET and Tx Rx Redesign Enablement[56]
[ N7] bna: Introduce ENET as New Driver and FW Interface[57]
[ N2] bna: MSGQ Implementation[58]
[ N9] bna: Tx and Rx Redesign[59]
[] bnx2x: Add new PHY BCM54616[60]
[] bnx2x: update driver version to 1.70.30-0[61]
[] bnx2x: use FW 7.0.29.0[62]
[C ] dm9000: define debug level as a module parameter[63]
[] dp83640: enable six external events and one periodic output[64]
[C 1] drivers/net: Kconfig & Makefile cleanup[65]
[ 1] e1000: convert hardware management from timers to threads[66]
[] ehea: Add GRO support[67]
[] ehea: Add vlan_features[68]
[] ehea: Remove num_tx_qps module option[69]
[] enic: Add SRIOV support[70]
[ 2] enic: Add support for port profile association on a enic SRIOV VF[71]
[ 1] IB/mlx4: Add support for XRC domains[72]
[] igb: Loopback functionality supports for i350 devices[73]
[] igb: Version bump.[74]
[] ixgbe add thermal sensor support for x540 hardware[75]
[] ll_temac: Add support for ethtool[76]
[C N ] net/ethernet: sc92031 is not Realtek[77]
[C ] net/fec: add imx6q enet support[78]
[] net/phy: add IC+ IP101A and support APS.[79]
[ DN ] net/smsc911x: add device tree probe support[80]
[] netxen: add vlan LRO support[81]
[] PCI: Add Solarflare vendor ID and SFC4000 device IDs[82]
[] qlcnic: add beacon test support.[83]
[C N2] stmmac: add CHAINED descriptor mode support (V4)[84]
[D] stmmac: update the doc with new info about the driver's debug (v3)[85]
[D] stmmac: update the driver version and doc (V4)[86]
[] tg3: Add external loopback support to selftest[87]
[] tg3: Update version to 3.121[88]
WLAN
[ 1] ath6kl: Add beginning of AR6004 initialisation support[89]
[ 1] ath6kl: Add functionality for starting AP mode[90]
[ 1] ath6kl: Add new WMI commands and events for P2P[91]
[ N1] ath6kl: add testmode support[92]
[] ath6kl: Allow enabling of P2P support[93]
[] ath9k: add AR9580 support[94]
[ 1] ath9k: Add debugfs support for mac/baseband samples[95]
[] ath9k_htc: add AVM FRITZ!WLAN 11N v2 support[96]
[ 1] ath9k_hw: add a new API for setting tx descriptors[97]
[ N9] ath9k_hw: Add initvals and register definitions for AR946/8x chipsets.[98]
[] ath9k_hw: Add support to reuse Carrier leak calibration[99]
[] ath9k_hw: Add support to reuse TxIQ cal measurements[100]
[ 1] ath9k_hw: Improve fast channel change for AR9003 chips[101]
[] ath9k_hw: Support fast channel change on 5GHz for AR9003 chips[102]
[ 1] ath9k_hw: Updated AR9003 tx gain table for 5GHz[103]
[ 5] ath9k: Rename AR9480 into AR9462[104]
[C ] b43: drop Kconfig option of forcing PIO mode[105]
[ 1] b43: LCN-PHY: add init tables[106]
[] b43: LCN-PHY: add very basic PHY ops[107]
[] b43: LCN-PHY: init 0x2064 radio[108]
[C ] b43: make HT-PHY support experimental[109]
[] b43: N-PHY: report signal to mac80211[110]
[C ] b43: Remove EXPERIMENTAL designation from LP PHY selection[111]
[D] batman-adv: implement AP-isolation on the receiver side[112]
[D] batman-adv: update README (date & ap isolation sysfs file)[113]
[C ] carl9170: export HW random number generator[114]
[] iwlagn: bump firmware API for some devices[115]
[] iwlagn: default smps mode for 1000 series device[116]
[] iwlagn: enable 11n aggregation without checking traffic load[117]
[] iwlagn: enable 11n support for "_d" sku[118]
[] iwlagn: move sysfs files to debugfs[119]
[] iwlagn: New SKU for 6005 SFF[120]
[CD ] iwlagn: rename iwlagn module iwlwifi and alias to iwlagn.[121]
[C 2] iwlagn: support new P2P implementation[122]
[C ] iwlwifi: update comments on how to enable debug flag[123]
[ 1] libertas: disable functionality when interface is down[124]
[] mac80211: disable powersave for broken APs[125]
[D] mac80211: document client powersave[126]
[C 1] mac80211: handle TDLS high-level commands and frames[127]
[ 2] mac80211: implement uAPSD[128]
[ 3] mac80211: optimise station flags[129]
[] mac80211: Start implementing QoS support for mesh interfaces[130]
[D] mac80211: Update injection documentation[131]
[] nl80211/cfg80211: Add extra IE configuration to AP mode setup[132]
[] nl80211/cfg80211: Add support to disable CCK rate for management frame[133]
[] rt2x00: Add new chipset support[134]
[] rtlwifi: add module parameter to set global debug level[135]
[] rtlwifi: Change debug parameter to apply to individual drivers[136]
[] rtlwifi: rtl8192ce: Add new chip revisions[137]
[] rtlwifi: rtl8192de: Updates from latest Reaktek driver - Part III[138]
[] rtlwifi: rtl8192se: Updates from latest Realtek driver version - Part II[139]
[] rtlwifi: Update to new Realtek version - Part I[140]
[] wl12xx: add module_param to trigger BUG() on recovery[141]
[] wl12xx: allow 11a AP-mode for wl127x devices[142]
[] wl12xx: AP-mode - set STA HT capabilities when adding a STA[143]
[] wl12xx: enable AP advanced functionality[144]
[] wl12xx: support p2p interfaces[145]
[] wl12xx: support up to 8 stations in AP-mode[146]
Various
[] Bluetooth: Add mgmt command for fast connectable mode[147]
[] Bluetooth: Add mgmt events for blacklisting[148]
[] Bluetooth: Add support for pairing via mgmt over LE[149]
[] Bluetooth: make use of connection number to optimize the scheduler[150]
[] bridge: allow forwarding some link local frames[151]
[] btusb: add device entry for Broadcom SoftSailing[152]
[C N1] can/sja1000: add driver for EMS PCMCIA card[153]
[C N1] can/sja1000: driver for PEAK PCAN PCI/PCIe cards[154]
[C ] flexcan: Add flexcan device support for p1010rdb.[155]
[D] flexcan: Fix up fsl-flexcan device tree binding.[156]
[D] flexcan: Prefer device tree clock frequency if available.[157]
[D] ipv6: Send ICMPv6 RSes only when RAs are accepted[158]
[D] ipvs: Add documentation for new sysctl entries[159]
[D] ipvs: secure_tcp does provide alternate state timeouts[160]
[] macvlan: receive multicast with local address[161]
[] neigh: reduce arp latency[162]
[ 9] net: add skb frag size accessors[163]
[] net: more accurate skb truesize[164]
[] net-netlink: Add a new attribute to expose TOS values via netlink[165]
[D] net: remove ndo_set_multicast_list callback[166]
[] net: rps: support 802.1Q[167]
[] net: rps: support PPPOE session messages[168]
[C N1] NFC: driver for TI shared transport[169]
[C N1] ppp: Move the PPP drivers[170]
[] rps: support IPIP encapsulation[171]
Links neste artigo:
[1] http://www.h-online.com/open/features/Kernel-Log-Linux-3-2-main-development-phase-complete-1375016.html
[2] http://git.kernel.org/linus/a262f0cdf1f2916ea918dc329492abb5323d9a6c
[3] http://www.h-online.com/nettools/rfc/drafts/draft-ietf-tcpm-proportional-rate-reduction-00.shtml
[4] http://www.h-online.com/nettools/rfc/rfcs/rfc3517.shtml
[5] http://git.kernel.org/linus/a262f0cdf1f2916ea918dc329492abb5323d9a6c
[6] http://lwn.net/Articles/458610/
[7] http://research.google.com/pubs/archive/37486.pdf
[8] http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/80/slides/tcpm-6.pdf
[9] http://tools.ietf.org/agenda/81/slides/tcpm-2.pdf
[10] http://www.h-online.com/open/features/Kernel-comment-The-obstacle-course-of-cooperation-1340020.html
[11] http://linuxwireless.org/en/users/Drivers/brcm80211
[12] http://git.kernel.org/linus/5b435de0d786869c95d1962121af0d7df2542009
[13] http://www.h-online.com/news/item/Broadcom-releases-open-source-wireless-driver-for-Linux-1076567.html
[14] http://git.kernel.org/linus/fc2d6e573be68ac7b5a0730981fe9444ea2e2eaf
[15] http://linuxwireless.org/en/users/Drivers/b43
[16] http://git.kernel.org/linus/75e07b6b2bcb1dad971870a039d5f1441e64bd58
[17] http://git.kernel.org/linus/bdcd81707973cf8aa9305337166f8ee842a050d4
[18] http://linuxwireless.org/en/users/Drivers/ath6kl
[19] http://www.qca.qualcomm.com/technology/technology.php?nav1=47&product=67
[20] http://git.kernel.org/linus/9ac4025d8088675a325124b61b592922efa56d22
[21] http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel.wireless.general/70414
[22] http://git.kernel.org/linus/bdcd81707973cf8aa9305337166f8ee842a050d4
[23] http://www.h-online.com/open/features/Kernel-Log-Linux-3-2-main-development-phase-complete-1375016.html
[24] http://git.kernel.org/linus/94a799425eee8225a1e3fbe5f473d2ef04002577
[25] http://git.kernel.org/linus/09505184ec3d99e5993966864a4eb3b770642597
[26] http://git.kernel.org/linus/d6f2deb3461688b308e5b1e9179f51e36edcdc01
[27] http://git.kernel.org/linus/2577c6e8f2320f1d2f09be122efef5b9118efee4
[28] http://git.kernel.org/linus/5a63ef0faf90985c847a2f924a72a22830ed1c10
[29] http://git.kernel.org/linus/d930faee141bd0a6a4873791996c5354c9a85ca7
[30] http://git.kernel.org/linus/1603dd495f87ae97763870d57237744d90bc2bab
[31] http://git.kernel.org/linus/6a9ae0dc1d4ed6a2007aea14e41d9ba0ae1e3fd4
[32] http://git.kernel.org/linus/c1abc95b157fe4574919942018af143203ecca8e
[33] http://git.kernel.org/linus/f860b0522f65d3a0f8e6a4d908933737e1a82817
[34] http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git;a=tree;f=drivers/net/ethernet;hb=HEAD
[35] http://www.h-online.com/open/features/Kernel-Log-Linux-3-2-main-development-phase-complete-1375016.html
[36] http://git.kernel.org/linus/c2218925f3a653ac6c39e62eb0e10232d2b44dab
[37] http://git.kernel.org/linus/7d145282da8d1ae4ba5f7ead8a4f51183496803c
[38] http://git.kernel.org/linus/5098af0abf3c1ed454159e081e75cf7cfc6ddf60
[39] http://git.kernel.org/linus/3e829a784c16513ac9a1d29ad23d7753d8f40b79
[40] http://git.kernel.org/linus/586b2816e3eaf187341f75c4f4e27404f943cb29
[41] http://git.kernel.org/linus/fd734c6f25aea4b2b44b045e489aec67b388577e
[42] http://git.kernel.org/linus/44331fe2aa0d7eed54e68484df58e9e00aee0f6e
[43] http://tools.ietf.org/wg/6lowpan/
[44] http://www.h-online.com/open/features/Kernel-Log-Coming-in-3-1-Part-1-Networking-1323463.html
[45] http://www.h-online.com/open/features/What-s-new-in-Linux-3-1-1347364.html
[46] http://git.kernel.org/linus/6a2968aaf50c7a22fced77a5e24aa636281efca8
[47] http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.linux.kernel/1207344
[48] http://git.kernel.org/linus/9e903e085262ffbf1fc44a17ac06058aca03524a
[49] http://git.kernel.org/linus/131ea6675c761f655d43b808dd0fe83d15d5cdd3
[50] http://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux-2.6.git;a=summary
[51] http://git.kernel.org/linus/8f9f4668b37bcc877156dd525a856055735c8d24
[52] http://git.kernel.org/linus/3881ac441f642d56503818123446f7298442236b
[53] http://git.kernel.org/linus/306f13487c9f7d6e3303a547e01e22958a04c666
[54] http://git.kernel.org/linus/6849c6b30772bb08ed52c3ec00e8245e70e25a2b
[55] http://git.kernel.org/linus/be3a84d1364d2060f4045782a40db39ed21a5c66
[56] http://git.kernel.org/linus/078086f3c17fae8af6c077153773c4a10392ffbf
[57] http://git.kernel.org/linus/45979c1e424f6a14495a4988343df176cb745f84
[58] http://git.kernel.org/linus/af027a34f34a8c0794a72dae8367e268eae89dbb
[59] http://git.kernel.org/linus/f3bd51732390ca40a7f5bb7520289da4f3d63762
[60] http://git.kernel.org/linus/3756a89f3d039d8a6aa2556f8d57d4b2ec25d5dd
[61] http://git.kernel.org/linus/6afc25c9a7197db24e1cbfa40140ee360d65141f
[62] http://git.kernel.org/linus/5e5399d8741ca3667560c43365285f8c280b3181
[63] http://git.kernel.org/linus/2e025c71ce3dbfb5ddb7f2e4bb67ac11b65f8dd2
[64] http://git.kernel.org/linus/49b3fd4aff7ede794d4fe50b80095eb33cc9d911
[65] http://git.kernel.org/linus/88491d8103498a6166f70d5999902fec70924314
[66] http://git.kernel.org/linus/a4010afef585b7142eb605e3a6e4210c0e1b2957
[67] http://git.kernel.org/linus/3428414f71e12f8111dfa16e4d958e6ed055268a
[68] http://git.kernel.org/linus/076f203258c5b8f07226ba41c4643d958785bb07
[69] http://git.kernel.org/linus/723f28e49c9f8578b418dfd1ec8c7b9cc13e2b63
[70] http://git.kernel.org/linus/8749b427f213e14303dfef4c1b9770f05f67916d
[71] http://git.kernel.org/linus/3f192795cf1a0098df7bd655f7a72eee26bd63c3
[72] http://git.kernel.org/linus/012a8ff577f95211c6ffd3b77a94c34ebae009b6
[73] http://git.kernel.org/linus/ca2e3e7ec98937e12df4bbdcc9a367b8768290ce
[74] http://git.kernel.org/linus/a28dc43f1d8dfc4fe61c9b9505c1b902285c96b8
[75] http://git.kernel.org/linus/4f51bf702395ab45aa68e6b702df2728cc7fe344
[76] http://git.kernel.org/linus/9eac2d4d5312d2ea05c0dbba8051b868fe9961a4
[77] http://git.kernel.org/linus/1b6b7172d0ee37528762bddb83acb56cb38ffac2
[78] http://git.kernel.org/linus/230dec61313dc5f5720311d0b492f69f5466b0a4
[79] http://git.kernel.org/linus/9c9b1f24f2aa31a3cea94939edc551f68ebadc89
[80] http://git.kernel.org/linus/79f88ee9836d482891ba41b1a553e2baacf31b02
[81] http://git.kernel.org/linus/57569d0e12eaf31717e295960cd2a26f626c8e5b
[82] http://git.kernel.org/linus/937383a58e47154d3098783df739e8fa8984a434
[83] http://git.kernel.org/linus/728a98b831eecada40b36df53420d57e9292c880
[84] http://git.kernel.org/linus/286a837217204b1ef105e3a554d0757e4fdfaac1
[85] http://git.kernel.org/linus/4f2f25f9f04a92aab31e3bc1dcb84bec33acc773
[86] http://git.kernel.org/linus/51e3137b9b6113c7e12cf0a0dc82238854a86712
[87] http://git.kernel.org/linus/941ec90f35603f35466988efd01395377fd00475
[88] http://git.kernel.org/linus/5ae7fa06bb90421bc63f1f1e56ab241b49bc7b91
[89] http://git.kernel.org/linus/31024d99003486c90c793dea58b55f7920f0488b
[90] http://git.kernel.org/linus/6a7c9badab158086b6162c661a47c4f1a4a68e92
[91] http://git.kernel.org/linus/6465ddcf6c1e06d3fde870624be4418e747f0e8b
[92] http://git.kernel.org/linus/003353b0d27489228eff79447d0731687cea0207
[93] http://git.kernel.org/linus/6bbc7c35ed0fb61c7739e91d5ee7016455770511
[94] http://git.kernel.org/linus/a508a6ea234571e0e7d1e9f2455fc1eca54d1fef
[95] http://git.kernel.org/linus/cf3af74824b1bf2bd60eb6a0dd82b27f9e9236ac
[96] http://git.kernel.org/linus/8c34559b4a6df32e4af1b073397fa4dc189a5485
[97] http://git.kernel.org/linus/2b63a41d14245345d6c498506c5634613afa80c0
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